Today, the Expert Panel, set up by ENTSO-E to investigate the 28 April 2025 blackout in continental Spain and Portugal, has published its comprehensive factual report. This unprecedented incident, which resulted in a total loss of the power supply of continental Spain and Portugal, marks the most significant power system event in Europe in over two decades, with major impacts on Spanish and Portuguese citizens and society.
The report, now available on the ENTSO-E website, presents a detailed account of the system conditions on 28 April leading up to the blackout, the sequence of events, and the restoration process. The investigation, conducted by a panel of 45 experts from transmission system operators and regulatory authorities across Europe (the Expert Panel), relied on extensive data collection from generating units, significant grid users, and transmission and distribution system operators.
The factual report serves as the first major report of the Expert Panel and has been performed in line with EU regulations. Today, work is already underway on the preparation of the final report, which is expected to be released in Q1 2026. It will include a detailed root cause analysis and recommendations on how to prevent similar events happening across the European power system in the future.
